Variables | Group 1 N = 16 | Group 2 n = 18 | Group 3 n = 19 | Control n = 31 | P value |
---|---|---|---|---|---|
Age (years) | 49.7 ± 5.9 | 47.4 ± 9.3 | 49 ± 10 | 45.3 ± 8.9 | 0.33 |
Male sex | 6 (37.5 %) | 6 (33.3 %) | 8 (42 %) | 15 (48.4 %) | 0.30 |
Systolic blood pressure (mm Hg) | 120.5 ± 6.8 | 118.9 ± 11.3 | 116.6 ± 11.3 | 118.1 ± 10.3 | 0.72 |
Diastolic blood pressure (mm Hg) | 79.8 ± 2.9 | 80 ± 5 | 77.6 ± 5.8 | 76.7 ± 7 | 0.29 |
Heart rate (bpm) | 74.6 ± 5.7 | 67.7 ± 7.6 | 74 ± 12 | 71.8 ± 10 | 0.13 |
Body mass index (Kg/m2) | 25.8 ± 4.3 | 24.4 ± 3.3 | 23.4 ± 4.5 | 25.4 ± 3.7 | 0.26 |
Total cholesterol (mmol/L) | 208 ± 20.8 | 197 ± 21 | 190 ± 34 | 196.3 ± 17.8 | 0.28 |
HDL (mmol/L) | 46.4 ± 8.4 | 48.4 ± 9.8 | 46.8 ± 15.4 | 50.3 ± 9.8 | 0.75 |
LDL (mmol/L) | 139 ± 20.3 | 130.4 ± 15.4 | 131.7 ± 27.6 | 130.8 ± 16 | 0.68 |
Triglycerides (mmol/L) | 131.4 ± 59.6 | 117.1 ± 49.8 | 128 ± 4 | 128.5 ± 49.2 | 0.89 |
Hematocrit | 41.2 ± 4 | 42 ± 3 | 40 ± 3 | 39.8 ± 2.9 | 0.20 |
Hemoglobin (g/dl) | 14.4 ± 1.2 | 14.5 ± 0.7 | 14 ± 1.2 | 14 ± 0.8 | 0.37 |
Serum glucose (g/dL) | 98 ± 9.5 | 93.3 ± 6.4 | 101 ± 12.7 | 93.4 ± 9.3 | 0.12 |
Serum sodium (mEq/L) | 140 ± 1.6 | 139.7 ± 1.6 | 139.3 ± 2.6 | 139.7 ± 2 | 0.75 |
Blood urea nitrogen (mg/dL) | 32.8 ± 5.3 | 33.8 ± 5 | 38.8 ± 13.6 | 32.7 ± 4.6 | 0.20 |
Serum creatinine (mg/dL) | 0.95 ± 0.1 | 0.97 ± 0.2 | 1.05 ± 0.2 | 0.96 ± 0.1 | 0.25 |
End diastolic diameter (cm) | 4.7 ± 0.43 | 4.87 ± 0.44 | 6.36 ± 1.09 | _ | < 0.00001 |
End systolic diameter (cm) | 3.18 ± 0.39 | 3.18 ± 0.4 | 5.11 ± 1.2 | _ | < 0.00001 |
Ejection fraction | 69.6 ± 5.2 | 70.3 ± 6.3 | 48.7 ± 11 | _ | < 0.00001 |
Fractional shortening | 33 ± 3.9 | 33.7 ± 5 | 20.9 ± 6.7 | _ | < 0.00001 |
VO2 (ml/Kg/min) | 20 ± 4.3 | 21.7 ± 7.3 | 14.9 ± 2.1 | _ | 0.003 |